Resources
Physiotherapy Practice Tools
-Joint Position Error Target
Cervical Spine Assessment
-Canadian C-Spine Rules (slides)
-Screening for Vascular Pathologies of the Neck Post-Concussion
-Cervical Spine Mobility and Palpation Assessment
-Cervical Spine Strength, Endurance, and Motor Control Assessment & Exercises
-Sensorimotor Dysfunction of the Neck Post-Concussion: Cervical Joint Position Error Test
Vestibular Assessment & Intervention
-Vestibular Assessment & Intervention Post Concussion: BESS Test
-Vestibular/Ocular Motor Screen (VOMS)
-Dizziness Differentiation and VOR Tests
-Vestibular-Ocular Interventions
Concussion & the Benefits of Exercise
-Concussion and the Benefits of Exercise: The Buffalo Concussion Treadmill Test (BCTT)
-PRINTABLE Buffalo Concussion Treadmill Test
-Exertional Assessment using the Buffalo Concussion Bike Test (BCBT)
-EXCEL Buffalo Concussion Bike Test with Workload Conversion
-PRINTABLE PDF Buffalo Concussion Bike Test
Concussion Guidelines
-Consensus statement on concussion in sport
-NEW! Clinical Practice Guidelines: Physical Therapy Evaluation and Treatment After Concussion/Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
-Post-Concussion Headache Algorithm
Pediatric Information
-Living Guideline for Diagnosing and Managing Pediatric Concussion
-Post-Concussion Vision, Vestibular, and Oculomotor Disturbances Algorithm
-Post-Concussion Information Sheet
-Concussion Management Guidelines for Infants and Toddlers -CHEO Sleep for Youth
-Strategies to Promote Good Sleep and Alertness
-Prolonged Post-Concussion Sleep Disturbances Algorithm
-Boston Children's Hospital - Headache and Medication Diary
-pedMIDAS Headache Severity Tool for Children aged 4-18
-Predicting Persistent Post-Concussive Problems in Pediatrics (5P): Score Calculator
-Post-Concussion Mental Health Considerations Algorithm
-Management of Prolonged Mental Health Disorders Algorithm
-Four "P's": Prioritize, Plan, Pace, and Position
-CDC Pediatric mTBI Guideline
Industry Influencers
-Parachute Canada
-Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital
-Concussions Ontario - Ontario Neurotrauma Foundation
-Canadian Concussion Collaborative (CCC)
-Sport Physiotherapy Canada
-Heads Up - CDC
-CATT Concussion Resources for Players & Participants
-Holland Bloorview Handbook
-ONF Adult Concussion Guidelines, 3rd Edition
-SCAT5
-CanChild Return to Activity Guidelines
-CanChild Return to School Guidelines
-Concussion Implications and Interventions for the Classroom
-Medical Assessment Letter
-Medical Clearance Letter
-Template for Concussion Team's Letter to School
-Joint Position Error Target
-Exercise Printouts
*There are several research studies underway observing the effect of cervical proprioception on motor control, particularly after neck and/or concussion injury. In the lab, researchers are utilizing the laser headlamp to study assessment and treatment tasks targeting joint position error of the cervical spine.
Future studies will aim to advance our knowledge on oculomotor, vestibular, and kinesthetic integration systems in both healthy and concussed populations.
Further studies will focus on the validity and reliability of the laser headlamp as it applies to research and clinical settings.
Medical Journals
-Dizziness Differentiation Studies
- Kristjansson E, & Treleaven J. Sensorimotor function and dizziness in neck pain: Implications for assessment and management. Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy, 2009;39 5: 364-377. doi:10.2519/jospt.2009.2834
- Treleaven J, Jull G, & Sterling M. Dizziness and unsteadiness following whiplash injury: Characteristic features and relationship with cervical joint position error. Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine, 2003;35 1: 36-43. doi:10.1080/16501970306109
- Treleaven, J. Dizziness, unsteadiness, visual disturbances, and sensorimotor control in traumatic neck pain. Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy. 2017;47 7: 492-502. doi:10.2519/jospt.2017.7052
-Sleep Studies
- Hoffman N, O'Connor P, Schmidt M, Lynall R, & Schmidt J. Relationships between post-concussion sleep and symptom recovery: A preliminary study. Journal of Neurotrauma. 2020 37:8, 1029-1036. doi:10.1089/neu.2019.6761
- G. Sleep disturbances in athletic concussion. Brain Injury. 2015;29:2, 221-227, doi: 10.3109/02699052.2014.983978
- Ludwig R, D'Silva L, Vaduvathiriyan P, Rippee M.A, & Siengsukon C. Sleep disturbances in the acute stage of concussion are associated with poorer long‐term recovery: A systematic review. Journal of Injury, Function and Rehabilitation. 2020. doi:10.1002/pmrj.12309
- Wiseman-Hakes C, Gosselin N, Sharma B, Langer L, Gagnon I. A longitudinal investigation of sleep and daytime wakefulness in children and youth with concussion. ASN Neuro. 2019;11:1759091418822405. doi:10.1177/1759091418822405
-Exercise Intolerance and Exertional Therapy Studies
- Abaji JP, Curnier D, Moore RD, Ellemberg D. Persisting effects of concussion on heart rate variability during physical exertion. J Neurotrauma. 2016;1;33(9):811-7. doi:10.1089/neu.2015.3989
- Gall B, Parkhouse W, Goodman D. Heart rate variability of recently concussed athletes at rest and exercise. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2004;36(8):1269-74. doi:10.1249/01.mss.0000135787.73757.4d
- Leddy JJ, Haider MN, Ellis M, Willer BS. Exercise is medicine for concussion. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2018;17(8):262-270. doi: 10.1249/JSR.0000000000000505
- Leddy JJ, Hinds AL, Miecznikowski J, Darling S, Matuszak J, Baker JG, Picano J, Willer B. Safety and Prognostic Utility of Provocative Exercise Testing in Acutely Concussed Adolescents: A Randomized Trial. Clin J Sport Med. 2018;28(1):13-20. doi:10.1097/JSM.0000000000000431
- Leddy J, Hinds A, Sirica D, Willer B. The role of controlled exercise in concussion management. PM R. 2016;8(3 Suppl):S91-S100. doi: 10.1016/j.pmrj.2015.10.017
- Leddy JJ, Willer B. Use of graded exercise testing in concussion and return-to-activity management. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2013;12(6):370-6. doi:10.1249/JSR.0000000000000008
- Senthinathan A, Mainwaring LM, Hutchison M. Heart rate variability of athletes across concussion recovery milestones: A preliminary study. Clin J Sport Med. 2017;27(3):288-295. doi:10.1097/JSM.0000000000000337
-Cervicovestibular Rehabilitation Studies
- , et al. Cervicovestibular rehabilitation in sport-related concussion: A randomised controlled trial. doi:10.1136/bjsports-2013-093267
-Pediatric Studies
- Purcell LK; Sport-related concussion: Evaluation and management. Paediatr Child Health. 2014;19(3):153‐165. doi:10.1093/pch/19.3.153
- Zemek R, Barrowman N, Freedman SB, et al. Clinical Risk Score for Persistent Postconcussion Symptoms Among Children With Acute Concussion in the ED. JAMA. 2016;315(10):1014-25. doi: 10.1001/jama.2016.1203.